Filipenko began his youth career at Bate Borisov while also making his First Team debut with the club. After two successful seasons, the central defender signed with Spartak Moscow for three years and was loaned to Tom Tomsk and FC Sibir Novosibirsk where he also played in the Europa League. In 2011 Filipenko was loaned back to Bate Borisov where he won another championship.

Following his loan, Borisov reacquired the 1.96 meter defender and helped the Belarusian side to three more league titles. In his last campaign with the club, Filipenko was recognized as the best central defender in the league as well as being one of the top defenders. He signed with Malaga in 2015.

Filipenko made his senior international debut for the Belarus National Team in 2007 during Euro 2008 qualifying as a 19-year-old and has appeared 43 times for his country scoring one goal in a loss to France.